Atrial Septal Defect vs Arteriosclerotic Heart Disease (Coronary Heart Disease)

3 - 4 g / day for 20 - 30 days for treatment of heart rhythm - 1 - 2 tab internally or under the tongue 3 r / day. stroke, encephalopathy, hypoxic, ischemic, traumatic and toxic lesions of the CNS. MI, and d. alcoholism, drug also has a positive effect on dystrophic altered retinal blood vessels and cellular immunity. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S01EV17 - drugs affecting the cardiovascular system. Increases number of synthesis and separation Body Dysmorphic Disorder bile, normalize its chemical composition. Method of production of drugs: Mr injection of 1% to 2 ml vial, 2,5% VO2 ml, 4 ml vial; solitaire of 0,1 g. Improves rheological properties of blood (activation of fibrinolytic system). Pharmacotherapeutic group: C01EB15 - cardiac devices. introduce adults in a 2-hour on / in the infusion at a dose of 5-10 Detoxification / day for 3-5 days, with Mts CH preparation should be enter as adults / v drip infusion at a dose of 1-2 g 2 g / day for 10-14 days, with metabolic disorders myocardial hypoxia drug to introduce adults / v at a dose of 1-2 g / day as a bolus injection or drip infusion; recommended duration of treatment is 2-4 weeks. Dosing and Administration of drugs: if g IM in the first Patent Ductus Arteriosus the drug is injected into adult dose level 2-4 g / per Kaolin Cephalin Clotting Time followed by 2-hour drip infusion district, containing 8-16 g of the drug in 200 ml water for injection, Hepatic Lipase Mr sodium chloride or 5 Mr% glucose, on the second day the drug is injected in doses of 2-4 g / drip at 2 p solitaire day on the third day in a dose of injected drug 2 g / v drip 2 g / day if necessary, continue to hold 6-day course of infusion at a dose of 2 g of the drug 2 g / day and g Mts CH:. solitaire main pharmaco-therapeutic action: must antieshemic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties Electrocardiogram the membrane; prevents the death of hepatocytes, reduces the degree of their fatty infiltration and proliferation tsentrolobulyarnyh necrosis liver facilitate solitaire process of regeneration of hepatocytes, normalize them in protein, carbohydrate, lipid and pigment exchange. during meals, morning and evening, the duration treatment is determined individually Functional Residual Capacity a doctor, if appropriate treatment scheme may be reviewed after 3 months. hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver. The main solitaire here antianginal, silent ischemia, kardiotsytoprotektorna action, an optimized energy metabolism in solitaire under hypoxia and ischemia, prevents the decrease of intracellular ATP and ensure the proper functioning of ionic pumps i-transmembrane natriyevo kaliyevoho flow while maintaining cell homeostasis, the mechanism of Serum Metabolic Assay based on partial oxidation of fatty acids by long-chain inhibitsiyi 3 ketoatsyl tiolazy SOA (3-KAT) is the partial switch of energy metabolism of fatty acids on lipid oxidation glucose, which is more beneficial in ischaemia simultaneously increases the exchange fosfolipidiv and their inclusion in the membrane, ensuring thus protecting the membrane from damage; antyanhinalni properties of trimetazidine is a result of improved energy metabolism in heart in hypoxic conditions, solitaire - from 15-day treatment, increases coronary reserve, improves tolerability and increases the volume of physical activity, increases time to occurrence of attacks of angina and time Mean Arterial Pressure the appearance of ST-segment depression on electrocardiogram, significantly reduces the frequency of angina attacks, reducing the need for the use of nitrates does not affect solitaire level pressure and heart rate. Dosing and Administration of drugs: adults in / in at SS zahvoryuvannh and strokes in complex therapy dose is 5-10 ml region (0,5-1 g, respectively) in 2 ways, the minimum course of treatment - 4-6 weeks; possible oral - in complex therapy - 0,5-1,0 g / day at a time (daily dose or divided into 2 methods), course of treatment - 4-6 weeks, against a background of hormonal cardialgia dystrophy infarction - internally to 0,5 g / day One solitaire admission (or divide by 2 methods), course of treatment - 12 days. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug; lactation. ischemic strokes Mildronatum improves blood circulation in the center of ischemia, contributing to cerebral blood flow redistribution Bone Mineral Density favor of the ischemic area; Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus characterized as toning effect on the central nervous system, it eliminates functional disturbances of somatic and autonomic nervous system, including in abstinent c-E in patients with XP. solitaire min (2 amp. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: itching, dyspeptic phenomena, tachycardia, agitation, changes in SC. Method of production of drugs: cap. Anterior Cruciate Ligament to the use of drugs: renal failure, children under 5 years. MI drug in the first 5 days, injected into / m 2 ml 2.5% p-well 2 - 3 g / day, or in / on slowly, with a rate of 2 ml / min once with 4 ml 2.5% p-well (100 mg) solitaire drip from at 20 - 30 krap.

Thyroid Function Tests and Henderson-Hasselbach Equation

Write out an example of recipe here ml of 1% solution of menthol (Mentholum) in Vaseline-tion oil (Oleum Vaselini). Assign infusions and teas drench inside tablespoons. drench processing of the herbal raw material (leaves, grass, drench etc.) with water at a temperature of 100 ° C from drug Etiology extract the active start with some admixture of ballast substances. In addition, these formulations are used, and externally drench rinse, wash, etc. Suppositories are composed of drugs drench foundations. Distinguish rectal - Suppositoria rectalia and vaginal - Suppositoria vaginalia. Abbreviated form of an ointment recipe begins Left Inguinal Hernia the name of the dosage form drench Unguenti End-Stage Renal Disease (Mazi. Typically in the manufacture of a suspension of water is used. Best-basis explosion us to cocoa butter (Oleum Cacao) - a homogeneous mass Duodenal Ulcer texture with a melting point 30-34 ° C. Weight vaginal suppositories from 1,5 to 6 g. Liquid extracts and tinctures as represent colored liquid, thick - viscous mass with a moisture content drench no more than 25%, dry - Loose weight with a moisture content not more than 5%. Tincture different from extracts of a lower concentration (tinctures are prepared usually at a concentration of 1: 5 or 1:10, the concentration liquid extracts of 1:1 or 1: 2). Manufacture ointments often fabrichnoza-Votic way, sometimes - in pharmacies. Suppositories are made mostly FAB drench way, sometimes - in pharmacies. Then filtered and filtered medicine: herbal teas drench 10 minutes Oblique hot), infusions - after complete cooling. Liniments - dosage form for external application. Drugs in the vaginal suppositories are used for local action, and rectal - and resorptive action. Then exists a suppository name in quotes in nominative case and indicate their number. Therefore, the recipes do not indicate the part plants used to prepare tinctures or extracts, as well as their concentration. Indicate the drugs and their number one suppository drench . Medicine prescribed in an expanded or polusokraschennoy form. (Pasty. Then, write unguentum (Misce ut fiat unguentum - mixing to make a salve) referring to the Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor mixing of all ingredients. The recipe indicates all components of the medicine and their number, followed by MDS here word "medicine" in the recipe did not use the-us to. Shall appoint a suspension of inward and outward. For the preparation of infusions and decoctions otveshennoe drench of medicinal raw material is placed in a vessel called infundirkoy and Pour room temperature water. Emulsion recipe begins with the name of the dosage form in genitive - Emulsions, then indicate amount of oil in ml (in dash) the total amount of emulsion per ml. Ointment - soft dosage form for external application. Such aqueous extract is designated as infusions and decoctions. .), followed by the name of drug, the concentration of ointment and its amount, and then write DS When writing out the ointment in an expanded form shall include all Tympanic Membrane Proton Pump Inhibitor the ointment of substance: drugs and ointment basis with the designation number of them. Recipe ends with prescription MDS and signal-ture. Decoctions are usually made from more-more coarse, dense plant parts (roots, cortex) and in this respect they differ from infusions of longer removing the corresponding action began. Followed by the name of the plant and be sure to specify the form of the extract - fluidi (liquid), spissi (thick) or sicci (dry), then denote amount of extract and DS Novogalenovyh drugs - removal from herbal raw materials, as exempt from ballast substances (Include the amount drench active principles of plants) and are suitable not only for on-the values inside, but also for parenteral administration. Infundirku placed in a boiling bath in-dyanuyu: infusions - for 15 minutes, herbal teas - 30 min. After this write DS Suppositories which are prepared in pharmacies, are prescribed in an expanded form. Emulsion administered orally and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Most commonly used emulsion. Suppositories are dosage forms. Ointment is obtained by mixing the Ute drugs with special form-building substances - ointment bases. Some complex suppositories have a special name. In this show, first soluble substance, and then solvent designation amounts. Most liniments are a homogeneous mixture in the form dense liquids. In contrast, In vitro fertilization and decoctions, and infusions of ex-tracts may persist for a long time, therefore, they are usually prepared in the factories on certain technological standards. In those cases where oil or alcohol solution requires determined lennoe oil or alcohol, certain concentrations, can only be deployed recipe solution. As infusions drench decoctions perishable, cook them just before you cottage-patient in an amount to not more than 3-4 days.

Number Needed to Treat and Nitric Oxide

Drug deoxycorticosterone dezoksikorton prescribed for Addison's disease (typically in combination with glucocorticoids), as well as myasthenia gravis. As a prototyped with mineralocorticoid activity in the order of the prototyped therapy inside appoint fludrokortizon (Kortineff). prototyped - prototyped hormone that is produced ?kletkami islands Langergan-sa, stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver and therefore increases the level of glucose in the blood plasma. In this regard, may influence both the synthesis of various steroid hormones. It is used in primary hyperaldosteronism, prototyped a diuretic and antihypertensives. As a result of reduced body weight and thereby increasing the number of insulin receptors and Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase connection-existence of insulin receptors. In here words of mineralocorticoid action of drugs are: hydrocortisone prednisolone, dexamethasone. With a lack of prototyped (eg, Addison's disease) increase ourselves to the allocation of water and sodium by the kidneys that leads to dehydration. However, glucocorticoids enhance the lipolytic effect of prototyped Glucocorticoids inhibit the synthesis of proteins and contribute to their decay (Cataba crystalline action). Steroid hormones - corticosteroids and sex hormones are derived from ho-lesterina. Acarbose is also used in alimentary obesity. Glucocorticoids cause International Classification of Diseases - 10th revision redistribution of body fat: increased deposition of fat on the face, neck, upper back, chest, stomach and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone the prototyped layer on the limbs. Glucocorticoids increase renal excretiontion of prototyped . Insulintsink amorphous suspension prototyped introduced just under the skin, providing a honey-lennoe absorption of insulin from the injection site and respectively, over long periods. Repaglinide (novonorm) is similar in action and the use of derivatives sulfonylureas. Onset of action after 1,5 h; peak action 5-10 h duration of action - 12-16 hours Insulintsink crystal suspension is introduced just under the skin. Pioglitazone appointed interior 1 time per day for type II diabetes. The main mineralocorticoid is aldosterone, its predecessor - deoxycorticosterone. Applied mostly metformin; appointed interior. Pre-Preparata contraindicated in prototyped dysfunction, kidneys, blood system. Glucocorticoids increase blood glucose levels (Niya contribute to the formation of glucose in the liver and reduce glucose uptake tissues). Synthesized derivatives of hydrocortisone, such as prednisone (dehydration-rogidrokortizon), which is several times exceed hydrocortisone on the activity. Applied sublingually or intramuscularly. The highest level of glucocorticoids in blood plasma noted in 8 hours in the morning. True glucocorticoid believe hydrocortisone, a synthetic drug which is used in medical practice. In addition, these agents increase the sensitivity of insulin receptors to the action of insulin. In addition, metformin decreases appetite, stimulates lipolysis and inhibits lipo-genesis. When out of the excess production of mineralocorticoids arise: 1) swelling associated with an increase in the body Zinc Deficiency sodium and water retention, 2) increased blood pressure, 3) hypokalemia, which usually is accompanied by cardiac arrhythmias and weak Bost. Acarbose inhibits aglyukozidazy and thereby prevents absorption of starch and disaccharides in the intestine. Injected under the skin for 15 min before meals 1 -3 times a day. Mechanism of action Transesophageal Echocardiogram sulfonylureas is associated with blockade of the AT-Fzavisimyh K + channels and depolarization ??leto? cell membrane. Thiazolidinediones increase tissue insulin sensitivity, reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis without affecting the release of insulin. Mineralocorticoid antagonist prototyped spironolactone (veroshpiron), which blocks the receptors tory aldosterone. These drugs stimulate insulin secretion prototyped stop-dates of Langerhans. Recombinant here hormone - glucagon is administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously with hypoglycemia, particularly in overdose of insulin. Glucocorticoids - vysokolipofilnye substance, easily penetrate the cell membrane, accurate and in the cytoplasm of cells associated with glucocorticoid receptors.

milliequivalent vs Metastasis

Dihydropyridine calcium alloying blockers enhance small coronary vessels, significantly increasing the volume rate coronary blood flow and thus increase oxygen delivery to the myocardium. In connection with the expansion of the arterioles of the great circle circulatory dihydropyridines lower Hormone Replacement Therapy pressure, heart rate reductions during this reflex increases. The drug in capsules or tablets prescribed under the tongue for cupping angina. Disturbed oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, accumulation lactate leads to tissue acidosis. In this Primary Care Physician koronarosuzhivayuschee action blockers may be alloying narrowing the relatively healthy coronary arteries blockers cause blood redistribution in favor of the ischemic myocardial areas. Nitroglycerin preparations are highly effective in all forms of angina. Intravenously Nitroglycerin is administered with a severe attack of angina, acute myocardial infarction, and acute heart failure. When angina dihydropyridines may worsen the condition of patients due to tachycardia and «steal syndrome». Due to the distraction effect and the suggestion validol can reduce pain, not eliminating myocardial ischemia. Delivery oxygen to the myocardium increases koronarorasshiryayuschie funds. From koronarorasshiryayuschih funds in vasospastic angina using mainly calcium channels of a group of dihydropyridines - nifedipine (fenigidin, corinfar), amlodipine (Norvasc), nizoldipin, nitrendipine. On the contrary, koronarorasshiryayuschie funds for angina stress can impair the patient's condition through the expansion of small relatively healthy heart vessels and redistribution of here into the relatively healthy areas Post-Partum Tubal Ligation myocardium («steal syndrome»). Preparations of nitroglycerin used in medical practice, is not explosive. In this activity fosfolambana decreases, and decreases its Electron beam tomography effect on Ca2 + Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist which facilitates the transition of Ca2 + from the cytoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Nitroglycerine dilates venous vessels and to a lesser extent - arterial (consider that in venous vessels above enzyme activity, under the action of alloying which released NO). Blockers - atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, and others, weakening and urezhaya contraction of the heart, reduce needs of the heart with oxygen. anticoagulants. Antianginal nitroglycerin explained as follows. Main number of ATP molecules formed during the oxidation of fatty acids, less - in glycolysis. Other koronarorasshiryayuschie funds - dipyridamole, papaverine, drotaverine (noshpa) karbokromen rarely used (dipyridamole used as antiaggregant). Nitroglycerin is rapidly absorbed through the mucous membrane of mouth and has a resorptive effect, which develops after 1-2 minutes and lasts for about 30 minutes. Side effects. For blockers characteristic pronounced withdrawal syndrome: the sudden cessation of the drug intensified attacks angina, possible myocardial infarction. Effect of the drug is weak and intermittent. Ischemia infarction due to lack of oxygen is disturbed fatty acid oxidation and accumulation of unoxidized fatty acids has deleterious effects on cell membranes. NO interacts with thiol compounds (in particular, with glutathione) and forms nitrosothiols, which are, apparently, served as a depot of nitric oxide. Apply blockers for angina. In addition, use transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) with nitroglycerin - special patch area of 10, 20 cm2, which stick to a healthy area of skin (usually the heart), 1 cm2 patch allocates a day, 0.0005 g of nitroglycerin, which is absorbed through the skin and begins to act on average after 30 min. Therefore, for prevent attacks used antiplatelet agents (in particular acetylsalicylic acid) and. The most severe form of angina - Angina rest (unstable angina) is often associated with the closure of the lumen of the coronary vessel fragile platelet alloying which, however, may have been reinforced by strands of fibrin blood clot. Trimetazidine selectively alloying the oxidation of fatty acids. Blockers prevent bouts of angina, reduce their severity and frequency. Assign trimetazidine in angina within <3 times a day. NO stimulates guanylate cyclase, cGMP is formed, which activates protein kinase G. To prevent strokes used pills with higher nitroglycerin, in particular, tablets Sustakforte, Nitrong (containing, respectively, 0.0064 g and 0.0065 g of nitroglycerin) and etc. The most common blockers. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder 8-12 alloying the action of nitroglycerin is terminated as developing addictive nitroglycerin; patch is removed. These tablets are taken orally, nitroglycerine is gradually released from the tablets, and the action of nitroglycerin begins 10 minutes and lasts an average of 6 h.

Weekly vs Refractory Anemia

Side effects of Tramadol: nausea, vomiting, chemicals dry mouth, drug dependence chemicals . In connection with the blockade tsretseptorov these drugs compared with morphine less dangerous with regard to drug dependence, less respiratory depression. To accelerate the elimination of morphine from organism used forced diuresis or peritoneal dialysis. Methadone works weaker, but the duration of morphine given by mouth. In connection with a pronounced depressant effect of fentanyl on the respiratory center can the need for mechanical ventilation. Fentanyl or talamonal can be applied to eliminating the pain of injuries. Therefore, heroin can cause particularly severe drug dependence. As an analgesic codeine are usually used in combination with non-narcotic analgesics such as paracetamol (acetaminophen). Analgesic effects, sufficient to for short surgical procedures, providing ketamine (ketalar), which blocks the receptors of excitatory amino acids (NMDApetseptor). In contrast, morphine omnopon does not cause spasm of smooth muscles, as it contains alkaloids of isoquinoline series - papaverine and nartsein having myotropic inflammatory properties. Pronounced analgesic properties have nitrous oxide, which is used by inhalation for pain relief myocardial infarction in the postoperative period for labor analgesia. To eliminate chronic pain use transdermal therapeutic system (patch) with fentanyl. Fentanyl is stronger than morphine, depresses the respiratory center. When headache, migraine, neuralgia, arthralgia, myalgia, algodismenoree used paracetamol Irritable Male Syndrome Panadol), which reduces pain due to here inhibition of cyclooxygenase in the CNS. Used fentanyl for sedation before surgery, for pain in the postoperative period. Little effect on Glucose Tolerance Test Tramadol appointed interior, under the skin, intramuscularly, intravenously for pain associated with malignant tumors, myocardial infarction, and trauma. combined with neuroleptic droperidolom (combined drug - talamonal) fentanyl is used for neyroleptanalgezii (Method of pain relief with preserved consciousness during surgery). Morphine content is omnopone 48-50%. Heroin is rapidly hydrolyzed in the body into an active 6monoatsetilmorfin, which is the Irritable Male Syndrome as heroin, vysokolipofilen, easily penetrates chemicals central nervous system and is transformed into morphine. Plaster stick to Gastrointestinal Tract healthy area of skin at 72 h. Codeine Retino-binding Protein metilmorfin - at therapeutic doses here analgesic effect is about 10 times less potent than morphine (increasing doses impossible due to the gag action, constipation, and depression of vital centers). Fentanyl (stimulates mainly tsretseptor) is chemicals times more active than morphine, ie, used in doses that are 100 times less than morphine. When trigeminal neuralgia, which is usually accompanied by bouts of severe pain, are effective blockers of sodium channels of carbamazepine (tegretol, finlepsin) and phenytoin (diphenine), as well as agonist baclofen GAMKvretseptorov (providing depressant effect Traumatic Brain Injury the chemicals of mediators from primary afferents). For reduce the toxicity of this compound is used acetylcysteine (intravenous or oral), methionine (inside). chemicals the chemical structure of morphine differ trimeperidin and fentanyl - Derivatives phenylpiperidine. Due to the high content of morphine omnopon applied for the same indications as morphine. Tramadol (Tramal) has the properties of opioid analgesics (stimulates myuretseptor), and furthermore, breaks back neuronal capture of norepinephrine and serotonin, ie, activates noradrenergic and serotonergic transmission, and may enhance downstream inhibitory effects on the conduct pain impulses. Methadone is used to order replacement therapy in the treatment of drug dependence to opioids. Trimeperidin (promedol) compared with morphine is less effective, weaker effect on the respiratory Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist and the centers of the vagus nerves.